In his Washington Post column yesterday, David Broder wrote of interviewing both presidential candidates: “The first question I asked John McCain and then Barack Obama was: How do you feel about the tone and direction of the campaign so far?”
Broder summarizes their responses thusly: “No surprise. Both men pronounced themselves thoroughly frustrated by the personal bitterness and negativism they have seen in the two months since they learned they would be running against each other.”
Which says a lot. Because, um, Obama and McCain are thoroughly frustrated by the bitterness and negativism they have seen? In one sentence, and two telling uses of the passive voice, Broder might just have summed up one aspect of the crazy rhetoric of this campaign: the strange assumption that notions and narratives are simply floating about in the ether, without origin or accountability. The negativism the candidates are talking about is not something they have seen; it’s something they have made. It’s negativity they themselves have created and encouraged and engaged in and indulged in. So why not say that?
The Great ‘Race Card’ Debate, to step back a week, might offer an answer. Consider the media back-and-forth about who first played that card. (He started it! No, he started it! Well, he was being a jerk! No, he was being a jerk!) Many in the media were positively Trillingesque in their discussion, reading deep into McCain’s “Celeb” ad and the text of Obama’s now-infamous speech in Rolla, Missouri. Was it McCain, with an ad that appeared to attack Obama’s celebrity but was actually meant to foment white fears by suggesting Obama’s sexual desire for his young, white, “sexually available” costars? When Obama mentions “John McCain” in one sentence, and then “those folks” in another, and then “those folks” trying to make people scared of Obama (race card!), was he conflating the McCain campaign—which has never engaged in overt race-baiting—with the 527s and other groups that have? What did he mean when he said, “those folks”? What did he mean when he said he doesn’t look like other presidents on the currency?
It’s unclear. And, importantly, it will remain unclear, however much parsing the press does, because the answer comes down to a question of intention: the only way to know what each camp was thinking was to, well, know what each camp was thinking. It’s the Bizarro-World version of the intentional fallacy: rather than the authors’ intention being beside the point, their intention is, in this case, the only point. And that intention is all but impossible to determine short of Obama or McCain or a surrogate actually coming out and explaining, candidly, what they were thinking when it came to the race debate. There’s been very little fact presented in the course of this debate—not because there aren’t facts, of course, but because those facts are nearly impossible to find.
Which didn’t stop the press from engaging in what’s become a favorite pastime: Parsing All The Drama. We got articles announcing, “McCain Camp: Obama played the race card.” Which were complemented with articles announcing, “Obama Camp: McCain played the race card.” Stenography ruled. “Behind the accusations from both sides in the last 24 hours,” Politico wrote,
lies a furious battle to frame the racially charged conflict many in both campaigns have been girding for and to find effective ways to blame the other campaign for any unpalatable racial subtext to a race that — in theory — could actually show the better angels of America’s nature…..
McCain aides say their goal is to pre-empt what they believe is Obama’s effort to paint any conventional campaign attacks as race-based.
Obama’s aim, in the view of the McCain camp: “to delegitimize any line of attack against him,” said McCain aide Steve Schmidt. He said he saw that potential trap being sprung when Obama predicted in Missouri Wednesday that the GOP nominee would attack the Democrat because he “doesn’t look like all those other presidents on the dollar bills.
The he said/she said, stenographic framework here is justifiable; short of the small miracle of political candor, there’s simply no fundamental truth to be determined or related here. But the press didn’t seem to realize the futility of their own endeavors. Rather, they gleefully added to the noise. “Did Obama Accuse McCain of Running a Racist, Xenophobic Campaign?” Jake Tapper asked. “RACE CARD! RACE CARD! The McCain camp started bellowing, and it hasn’t stopped since,” Bob Herbert declared in pseudo-response. On cable TV, in particular, talking heads debated, ad nauseam, Who Played the Race Card and Why They Played the Race Card and What It Meant that Whoever Played the Race Card Finally Played the Race Card.
As the days of race (de)bating wore on, something became increasingly clear: many in the media didn’t care, really, what the facts were in this case. The facts, they’d decided, weren’t as important as the ideas. Sure, objective information is great—but in the absence of information, subjective ideas will do just fine. Besides, they make for better TV.
In Jonah Goldberg’s USA Today column this week, he argues that Obama is a “postmodernist,” a thinker for whom “words have no fixed meaning, and truth is often just a matter of perspective.” The column was silly, and justifiably criticized. But it was also, I think, instructive. Such readings of the campaign are laughable, not because they’re wrong, necessarily, but because they’re unproductive. Does Goldberg’s “PoMo O” construction ultimately serve anyone besides Goldberg, or anything besides his own ego? For that matter, does the whimsical comparison of Obama and McCain to nearly every literary figure since Odysseus—yep, I’m looking at you, MoDo—advance any conversation besides one that could take place within a D.C. book club?
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An incurious and also puzzling stance. What ought second-order media criticism do, if not use the best tools available to it in order to shake out the narrative substrate? There's a peculiar populism in your use of the Marquez quote. The idea that interrogating the narrative conceits of either campaign through the use of the most acute critical faculties around can't but disillusion readers is unfounded, and I can't help but feel the implied 'ethical' imperative underlying your article is suspect.
Posted by Seth on Fri 8 Aug 2008 at 02:05 PM
It's foolish to wish away the focus on narrative in campaign/political coverage. The problem I've seen is simply that the narratives to this point are largely wrong, and as you note, serve primarily to benefit the one claiming to have sussed it out.
Ryan Lizza has single-handedly provided more narrative-defining material on both candidates in two pieces for the New Yorker than has the rest of the campaign coverage, simply by hunkering down and doing real research rather than watching campaign stops on TV and drawing superficial conclusions from body language and out-of-context quotes. Obama is not an effete dandy, as Dowd claims, but a shrewd tactician with a calculating tendency and a message fine-tuned over a decade or so of various campaigns. McCain is not a maverick outsider, as basically everyone claims, but an unrepentantly unrefined Senator who speaks passionately, openly and extemporaneously on issues he knows well, partially an effort to distract from the areas where he lacks expertise.
Sure, there is a bit of the postmodern dilemma in decoding the "race card" issue, but isn't that just a distraction from what both of these candidates are about? It's not as if the overall intentions and biographies of either candidate are so elusive that we can only hazard guesses at them, it just takes work.
Nearly every time I turn on a TV news show, I hear someone mention something along the lines of: "The American people just don't know enough about Obama yet, there are gaps to be filled in, etc." Isn't that then the role of the press? Lizza's piece laid out several key details of his background in a manner that neither deified nor condemned him. What exactly is so mysterious and inaccessible about Obama's biography that is available so readily in McCain's? I'm tempted to read these kinds of statements as code for something else, but, then, I don't want to play the "race card".
Posted by Evan Woodward on Fri 8 Aug 2008 at 02:47 PM
What exactly is so mysterious and inaccessible about Obama's biography that is available so readily in McCain's?,/i>
Emil Jones.
Posted by TDC on Fri 8 Aug 2008 at 03:15 PM
Emil Jones is in McCain's biography? Oh, never mind. It's TDC not making any sense again.
Posted by Circusboy on Fri 8 Aug 2008 at 09:41 PM
That’s not, to be clear, to condemn the search for narrative frameworks in political coverage—which is, of course, a primary and necessary function of the political press, particularly before an election.
That's quite an assertion right there.
Care to inform us "Americans...disillusioned with the media" exactly why this is the case, and how so?
Why is narrative construction necessary, apart from providing a more literary-minded task list for political press corps reportage? How exactly is its search the primary task of journalists, as opposed to evaluating the truth or falsity of claims, and providing factual and historical context in support of such evaluation? Why is this narrative framework even desirable? How, beyond substituting for real engagement by the electorate on their own behalf, is such a narrative search right before an election helpful to anyone (besides editors and writers) at all?
The fact that so many of the engaged electorate, when empowered by technology to ask online publications (such as a journalism review) these questions, choose to do so loudly and repeatedly (and with much less decorum I've exhibited here) might tell you something about "why Americans are disillusioned with the media", in case the political press corps truly were wondering.
We're not all marks at a carnival at which to be barked anymore. We've had decades of looking in the bottom of cereal boxes for that awesome fully-animated toy (only to find cheap plastic nothings) under our collective belts. A lot of us have come to understand quite thoroughly that narratives seem to serve some interests better than others --and never really address our concerns at all. Perhaps when it can be explained to us rubes out here why we're so much better off with a political media that obsesses over telling stories, as opposed to laying out in organized detail that information necessary to make voting an expression of our interests, then we might find the crappy toy for which we've spilled so many Cheerios as appealing as we're apparently supposed to, and be less disillusioned with our lot every election cycle.
Or perhaps when journalists cast off their literary pretensions in favor of expertly cataloging political products available for our informed selection --kind of how we consumers look to qualified, objective product reviews before purchasing a $200 3G Nano, then we might not find it so necessary to do political journalism the right way for ourselves. We can't stand these supposedly "primary" and "necessary" narrative searches. We positively loathe them (and their smug peddlers). We've been telling journalists at every available opportunity for years that we're collectively miserable with the fruit of their constitutionally enumerated labors. Please then explain to us political news consumers why and how political narratives agreed upon solely by a chattering professional village (whose daily experiences largely have nothing to do with ours) serves our interests in any way, Ms Garber.
Please enlighten us: Why exactly does a weary, skeptical voting public absolutely require the consensus background plot inflicted on us every cycle by frustrated, bubble-inhabiting substitute screenplay writers? How do these trite abstractions help our political process --and thereby our daily lives as citizens-- at all?
Thanks in advance for your answers, Ms Garber.
Stuart Zechman
Guy who reads/watches political coverage sometimes when trying to figure out which candidate will make things better/hurt the country the least.
New York, NY
Posted by Stuart Zechman on Sun 10 Aug 2008 at 03:10 PM
Rather than "who said what" we should consider "who did what".
Obama is an ultraleft liberal, favoring babykilling, queerloving and retreat from terrorism. He is a doper with a bizarre religious affiliation and a racist.If you are not a black, moslem communist, you don't want him aven as a dogcatcher.
Posted by al sowins on Wed 13 Aug 2008 at 04:15 PM