We could also afford it because we got a lot of free work from interns and, increasingly, from the community. But this was where things got unpredictable. This is where the revolution has yet to be realized—and may not be.
“Citizen journalists” are almost always citizens, but they are rarely trained journalists, hence our use of Ilfeld’s coinage, “community contributors.” Perhaps in a larger, more media-savvy city such as New York or even San Francisco, there would be a larger pool of excellent writers dying to write for free—perhaps not. But in Sacramento, even in the downtown core around the state Capitol, there is a dearth of such folks. And consequently, we got a lot of weak work.
The way we tried to hold the line on quality was by laying out the front page each night, choosing the best stories and letting the rest fade away. But we had to have five or six good ones—which we sometimes did, half of them written by our reporting staff—and when we did, I was proud of what I saw in the morning.
But many times we didn’t have enough stories, and we were forced to layout some pretty heinous pages. Press releases from the city (which we accepted as “primary documents”), journalism assignments from a local junior college (a flurry of stories on cupcakes was one memorable result), and the adventures of a local self-promoting “ghost hunter” with a penchant for interviewing attractive women were among what came.
We took ‘em. Unless they violated our fairly loose terms of use—local (defined broadly), not profane, not self-promotional, etc.—they stayed on the site.
This got us in some trouble with our fellow local journalists. Some had minimal journalism credentials themselves, so they were fairly easy to ignore. Others seemed willfully to ignore everything good my staff did, and focused on the junk that showed up, of which there was, admittedly, plenty.
Our weaknesses were certainly clear, but I felt that what we provided in terms of increased coverage, as well as a greater depth—particularly in city government and business coverage—was worth the trade-off.
What concerned me most was that, other than a system of “badges,” placed on stories to identify who was a pro and who was a CC, the casual reader had no idea who was a journalist with journalism training and who was…not. On our front page, the stories all looked equal.
But they were not equal. Despite today’s proliferation of sites that are open to anyone, not everyone is a journalist, let alone a good one. Journalism is hard work, and finding good sources, quoting them accurately, and putting a readable story together without letting one’s biases influence the telling takes skill and a grounding in journalism standards. This should be apparent, but even now, the average reader is not particularly sophisticated when it comes to what they read.
On the other hand, a handful of our CCs were actually better informed, and better writers, than a lot of the journalists I’ve read. They knew their topic and they wrote marvelous pieces out of the best amateur impulse: Love of the subject. They remain one of the best reasons to read The Sacramento Press. But they are a minority.
Some of our critics had another good point: Writers who write well should be paid. I usually have been, and it was always hard for me to talk to good writers and ask them to contribute for free. Or for $25. Or $50. This is, in some ways, the new reality in journalism, and many start-ups and even established publications pay poorly.
But in general, here’s another “legacy” adage that holds true: You get what you pay for.

I agree with what you are saying WRT consistency and quality at the Sac Press. Many times, I've read a story (or worse, Started reading, only to quit) and wondered "doesn't anyone edit this stuff"? I love the idea of Citizen Journalists, and I've contributed; but I'm always wondering what the focus of the SP should be. Perhaps establishing some guidelines for stories (ie: local, newsworthy, events, non-commercial) would help.
#1 Posted by Lisa, CJR on Thu 17 Nov 2011 at 05:04 PM
As a community and professional journalist, I see the benefit of hyperlocal as the chance to break a story that needs to be told. If you want or need to get news out, you can. The immediacy and lack of red tape is a bonus, but the lack of pay is, of course, a problem.
#2 Posted by deb belt, CJR on Thu 17 Nov 2011 at 06:39 PM
It's really important NOT to assume that hyperlocal = amateur/volunteer/etc. We do not have any assigned coverage written by amateur/volunteer writers. If I assign it, I pay for it. And my husband and I make our living from our site - no savings, family wealth, investors, co-owners, grants, etc. It can be done. I know the site at the heart of this story is a different model, and I have met Ben several times and admire his creativity and heart; I'm sorry the gig didn't work out for the writer and would urge him to find an underserved niche and strike out on his own! The job you create may be your own. I left a great-paying old media job in late 2007 to do this fulltime and it's still working :)
#3 Posted by Tracy in West Seattle, CJR on Sun 20 Nov 2011 at 11:46 PM
My question for Tracy is... What are you paying for and how do you value it?
Don't get me wrong... I'm not begrudging you a living and I applaud your entrepreneurship and the personal risk.
But I do wonder how you distinguish yourselves from the ordinary and I do wonder how you ascend in the face of institutional competition..
#4 Posted by padikiller, CJR on Mon 21 Nov 2011 at 12:03 AM
Here are some discouraging remarks for investors trying to make the Sacramento Press and other "hyperlocal" news media profitable.
I'm a suburban middle-aged white male educated professional who lives near
Sacramento, often goes to Sacramento on business, and regularly follows news at the world, national, state, and local level. I haven't subscribed to a newspaper in ten years (except for The Economist) because news is free on the web. I look at the Sacramento Bee web site every day because the Bee is a known entity with some institutional credibility. I get the twice-daily Sacramento Business Journal emails with free updates on local business news. (That's how I discovered this article.) Sometimes I grab a free Sacramento News & Review weekly tabloid if I'm hanging out somewhere and want to read some alternative views. So there's my news profile.
Notice the Sacramento Press is not part of it. I've been aware of the Sacramento Press web site, but I only looked at the site once. I just don't have time to check every little news site every day, especially when so much other news is free and so easily accessible. As far as the mockery of certain articles in the Sacramento Press, I must admit the web site is so far below the radar that I've never heard such comments. I hear NO comments about the Sacramento Press, not even about the "junk."
Notice this article never addresses these questions that matter a lot: how many people are going to the site on a regular basis to get news and information? What number is needed to make the site profitable? Who is the target audience? Who are the advertisers that might want to pay money to reach that audience?
I'm predicting it won't be long before journalists are calling for government funding of hyperlocal web sites. It's the only way most of these sites will survive, unless their owners compromise journalistic principles and start posting photos of scantily-clad hyperlocal women.
#5 Posted by Perspective of a suburban middle-aged white male educated professional, CJR on Mon 21 Nov 2011 at 09:16 PM
I think the successful "hyperlocals" will do what the local TV outlets mostly do now. Namely... Work.
Beat the streets. Investigate things. Report things.
People are interested in hearing about the cooked deputy superintendent who stole the laptops meant for the math class. Or the guy on the next block who got shot while walking his dog.
They're not interested in school board press releases or other "aggregations" of news that can be Googled by anyone who cares.
And, of course, video is what it will take to maintain interest.
#6 Posted by padikiller, CJR on Mon 21 Nov 2011 at 09:48 PM
I enjoyed your article David. As the founder of my town's hyperlocal site, I'm always seeking to learn about what's working and what's not in the hyperlocal realm.
I like what you had to say regarding "community contributors" and professional journalists. I'm currently working with some local writers who want to contribute to my site. I've also found some of these writers are seasoned pros while others have trouble completing a sentence.
I could care less if they have a degree in English or Journalism, if they can write they can write. if readers enjoy it and it's the truth then it's valuable in my eyes.
One idea I have is to gather the interested writers together and bring them through a series of workshops that will help them improve their writing. The site I run is called The Battle Ground Buzz and my tag line is a site created, "by the people, for the people...to inform and empower."
I disagree with the school of thought that assumes hyperlocal media sites cannot support themselves financially. If a site receives 20,000 visitors a month and people are willing to pay to advertise on there then that means cash is flowing in. And what if you branched out and started a radio show (podcast) and eventually a video cast?
You could also sell ads on the radio and video cast.
You might be thinking, "Yeah, but how much do you make with your site?"
Nothing...yet.
"See, I knew it!"
But I just started my site less than 3 months ago and I've already had 3-4 people ask how they can advertise on there.
I plan to launch a radio show and a video cast very soon. I'm working with local writers who believe in the vision of the Buzz and are willing to contribute. They know I cannot afford to pay them right now and they're OK with that.
I've also found many business owners are also writers who enjoy writing in exchange for the "free" advertisement it gives them.
You might not make a fortune on a hyperlocal site but I believe you can develop a business model that will sustain itself.
I make money as a freelance copywriter (hence, the long-form comment) and so I don't have to rely on income from my hyperlocal site. But eventually I would like to pay writers and others who help maintain it.
But I think the key (at least for me right now) is to provide valuable content to my readers and to keep my overhead low.
So ask me again this time next year how much my site is bringing in? You might be right but I have a feeling you're not. ;)
Those are my thoughts on the matter. What are yours? I'm interested in hearing other perspectives but I just think the "It doesn't work!" mentality is very counterproductive to those of us who are making hyperlocal work.
#7 Posted by Joshua Monen, CJR on Mon 28 Nov 2011 at 02:51 PM
"I'm predicting it won't be long before journalists are calling for government funding of hyperlocal web sites. It's the only way most of these sites will survive...."
THIS.
A hyper-local website in a small/medium market like Sacramento is just never going to generate the kind of numbers that will deliver results for advertisers. Advertisers pay the bills for this kind of operation. Keep adding advertisers while your traffic stays the flat and you'll just give your clients continually lower impressions and lousy ROI.
Hyper-local news is great... but it's not something that's going to make anyone rich. A conundrum for someone treating it as a for-profit business.
#8 Posted by ST, CJR on Fri 20 Jan 2012 at 03:10 AM