NEW HAMPSHIRE — In Sunday’s Boston Globe, reporter Michael Levenson warned of a coming “year of mudslinging.” This “rough, negative, and confusing advertising onslaught,” as Levenson calls it, is foreshadowed by recent ads run by Texas governor Rick Perry and former Massachusetts governor Mitt Romney which are “drawing howls of protest from Democrats but no apologies from the Republicans’ campaigns.”
In both cases, the evidence is compelling that the candidate ads were misleading. In Perry’s ad, he rips from context an Obama comment about the U.S. being “a little bit lazy” in trying to attract foreign investment and asks, “Can you believe that? That’s what our president thinks is wrong with America? That Americans are lazy?” Similarly, Romney repurposed a 2008 clip in which Obama quoted an advisor to John McCain in 2008 saying that “if we keep talking about the economy, we’re going to lose” and blended it into an ad that suggests Obama was talking about the 2012 campaign.
How should reporters here in New Hampshire or at the national level cover these sorts of claims?
The first obligation of journalists is to the truth. As such, it is important that reporters set the record straight when ads like these are misleading their audience. The problem, however, is that many national reporters—and the state reporters who increasingly emulate them—have been sucked in by the cult of the savvy. For these journalists, producing meta-level analysis of the effectiveness of deception as a campaign tactic is more important than correcting the factual record for readers.
We saw this problem in coverage of both ads at the national level. For instance, The New Republic’s Alec MacGillis highlighted a Politico article that focused on how the “little bit lazy” phrase “is quickly becoming a focus of Republican campaigns.” The context of Obama’s statement is briefly acknowledged in the lede, but the authors write that “the context may not matter as much as the punch line.” The New Yorker’s Ryan Lizza noted similar pathologies in Politico and Washington Post articles that focused on the strategic effectiveness of Romney’s ad rather than the truth value of its claims.
These sorts of stories play into the hands of campaign strategists who exploit the objectivity bias of the press, knowing that artificially balanced coverage of “controversial ads” and savvy analysis of their effectiveness will likely reinforce the ads’ messages. Indeed, Romney’s advisers were reportedly “pleased with the reaction” to the ad—one told the Boston Globe, “It’s all deliberate. It was all very intentional.” The Romney campaign was especially clever in this regard, including the context of the quote in its press release to preempt criticism of the ad as misleading and called on the media to provide that context to the public. The strategy recalls one of the Bush’s administration’s most effective tactics—the use of technically true but misleading claims that the media were reluctant to fact-check.

Indeed, according to the corporate media being able to effectively lie to and mislead the public is a virtue and qualification for the office of presidency. The more an individual is able to convince people of things that aren't true, the more qualified they are to be president in the eyes of the establishment.
#1 Posted by rationalrevolution, CJR on Tue 29 Nov 2011 at 12:12 PM
A teacher would be fired if her lectures were as unpredictable as the events the news media must investigate. But no one at CJR is interested in writing about this problem. Even though surveys by the news media have shown repeatedly that many voters are too ignorant to be intelligent voters. Apparently no one in the news media guild is interested in working smarter and a little bit harder. It would be a very easy to do. The voterrs could even buy a photographic memory every year for evaluating their government of the people, blah, blah, blah. Reporters don't care about the public's right to know. They are more interested in playing gotcha. Our democracy is just a game for them to win points and awards.
#2 Posted by Stanley Krauter, CJR on Tue 29 Nov 2011 at 02:23 PM
Brendan, Thanks for including The Monitor in your round-up here. But I'm not sure our coverage is the support for your thesis you present it as, and I'm hoping we can extend the conversation to some constructive criticism for next time.
The two pieces of ours you cited were small parts of our daily Primary Monitor column. The column usually contains five to eight short pieces including both original reporting and aggregated national news. The entire package is designed and presented to give readers bite-sized insights into the campaign season from a variety of angles. The column, while held to the same standards of quality and veracity, is only part of our news coverage of the campaign and I hope your readers understand that now.
I was glad to see you judged my first-day coverage of Romney's ad to be laudable, but I'm confused why our coverage the second day was not judged equally so. My colleague Karen Langley did not fall into the pits you outlined earlier in your piece: she didn't dissect whether the ad would be effective, nor did she obscure the ad's transgression. In her lede, she reminded readers of the context problem of the ad, not the content, but advanced the story. Writing anything too similar to the first piece would have done the reader a disservice.
I see in the two pieces, first, the truth. We provided a transcript-like accounting of the ad, and noted the omitted context; 2. Objective, independent analysis by PoltiFact; 3. Follow-up coverage of public officials' reactions; and 4. explanation from Romney. If readers are still unclear whether Obama's statement was taken out of context, that is hardly our fault.
Of course, I may be standing too closely to judge our coverage fairly, so I'd like to know if you see anything negative in the two column pieces that I may have missed, or if you have specific suggestions for improving first- or second-day coverage of misleading ads, by us and anyone covering the campaigns
#3 Posted by Sarah Palermo, CJR on Tue 29 Nov 2011 at 03:52 PM
Just to briefly clarify my point on the second Monitor story, it's not a bad story -- that's why I didn't dwell on it. I just commented that it was unfortunate that the day 1 framing (an analysis of the objective merits of the ad's claim) gave way to a day 2 story that was framed as Democrats vs. Romney, which is a framework that tends to push people into partisan camps. I don't fault the Monitor for this -- it's a weakness of the news paradigm that the news (as traditionally defined) on day 2 was the ongoing war of words between those camps. The risk is that these followup stories on partisan "controversies" over facts can drown out the original fact-checking. We saw this happen with "death panels," for instance - news organizations that previously ran excellent fact-checks reverted to "he said," "she said" descriptions of the "controversy" over the claim.
#4 Posted by Brendan Nyhan, CJR on Wed 30 Nov 2011 at 10:13 AM
Unfortunately, fact checkers like PolitiFact also have been guilty of copping out in calling a spade a spade. I've been skeptical of some of these fact check calls for some time now. Given the evidence PolitiFact itself presents, how can it possibly claim that DNC's ad claiming Romney flip flopped on Obama's stimulus plan is "mostly false"??? That goes against any common-sense understanding of what Romney clearly said.
http://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/statements/2011/nov/28/democratic-national-committee/dnc-ad-says-mitt-romney-flip-flopped-obama-stimulu/
#5 Posted by Harris Meyer, CJR on Wed 30 Nov 2011 at 01:59 PM
I share your concern, Harris. It seems more like Politifraud at times. But consider the following. Politifact is a "product" of an MSM newspaper. Newspapers are run by politically opinionated, ideologically driven, and — usually — corporately beholden editorial boards. So, of course Politifact will make shoddy or biased conclusions based on the facts that enforce its political views (and those of its corporate sponsors), while downplaying or omitting contradictory facts and conclusions. Moreover, Politifact too often relies heavily on govt sources: to ostensibly debunk anti-war or anti-corporatist claims, e.g.
#6 Posted by Dan A., CJR on Wed 30 Nov 2011 at 07:22 PM
Brendan,
Thanks for responding. I agree that some stories suffer from back-and-forth exchanges that let politicians off the hook, and allow them to parrot talking points. I'm not sure that's what happened here, though. In those cases, what would you describe as a better second-day story about the ad, advancing the coverage beyond what is done the first day?
#7 Posted by Sarah, CJR on Fri 2 Dec 2011 at 12:10 PM
Hi Sarah - I'm not sure. One option is not to cover the stories when the controversy isn't especially newsworthy; another might be to broaden the frame of reference on the *factual* debate and show that, for instance, experts across the political spectrum continue to agree that the claim in question is wrong. In other words, change the framing from "Democrats and Romney debate ad's accuracy" to "Experts continue to agree Romney ad is misleading as controversy continues" or something like that.
#8 Posted by Brendan Nyhan, CJR on Fri 2 Dec 2011 at 06:02 PM
NPR ATC
The day after the romney "avoid talking about the economy " ad came out, NPR did two back to back segments on the NH primary
In the first, they discussed the Romney ad, and used words like "misleading"
In the second segment, they played a clip from the perry "lazy americans" ad, *without comment*
truly unbelievable fail on NPRs part
#9 Posted by ezra abrams, CJR on Sun 4 Dec 2011 at 10:08 PM