I think a common misunderstanding of the business press’s role, made by Fortune’s Andy Serwer above and others, is that the standard for business journalists is whether they issued warnings about the future—predicted that “this whole thing’s going to collapse,” as he puts it. That seems to set the bar artificially high, and in doing so lets journalism off the hook. Who can predict the future?
For me, journalism isn’t about reporting what’s going to happen. It’s about reporting what is happening now. We’re not soothsayers. But we’d better be reporters.
And that’s where Spitzer comes in. He and his fellow attorneys general, state banking regulators, even state legislatures were ringing wild alarm bells about mortgage-industry practices well before the fateful years of 2004 and especially 2005-2006, when the financial services industry and Wall Street expanded subprime lending from a fringe market into the mainstream. Never mind the community groups, like the Center for Responsible Lending and others that turned out to be right on target. These were elected officials.
This public record must form the backdrop to any assessment what news outlets were or weren’t writing.
In fact, the early ’00s were busy years in the anti-predatory lending business. The Federal Trade Commission, before it apparently fell down a black hole, settled an anti-predatory lending investigation against Citigroup’s giant subprime factory, CitiFinancial, for $240 million, covering two million customers. A coalition of states reached an even bigger one with Household International for $484 million. This was in 2002.
The BusinessWeek story lays out the record well, and assigns credit, well-deserved, to North Carolina’s Cooper and Iowa’s Miller for confronting Hawke, who is now back at his old job of defending lenders at a white-shoe Washington law firm.
The headline—“They Warned Us About the Mortgage Crisis”—is apt.
But of course, as Tonto said to the Lone Ranger: “What do you mean ‘us,’ white man?”
Indeed, fights between states and the Bush administration over consumer protections against allegedly rampaging lenders broke out around the country. As BusinessWeek mentions, Michigan in 2004 sought the right to examine the books of Wachovia’s mortgage unit and fought the OCC and the banking industry all the way the U.S. Supreme Court, which decided for Wachovia in 2007—about a year before it was sold to Wells Fargo to fend off seizure by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, an arm of the same federal regulatory structure that blocked Michigan’s scrutiny.
Talk about Pyrrhic victories.
At the time it was fighting Michigan, Wachovia was also fighting Connecticut banking regulators on the same issue, prompting no fewer than thirty-five attorneys general and forty-three bank regulators to side with Connecticut—”a number lawyers call unusually high,” according to an August 2003 Reuters story.
Spitzer’s involvement, though, raised the issue to another level of prominence.
This was long before his incredible implosion, of course. Spitzer had already fought his state’s own banking department to wring a big settlement from Delta Funding Corporation, a notorious, now-defunct hard-money lender to low-income people in Brooklyn and Queens. He was among the AGs to look into Household, starting in 2001, and found that the lender, among other things, didn’t include points and taxes in monthly loan amounts presented to borrowers, who found out what their real payments would be only after the closing. Nice industry, subprime. It always was.
This was about the time Spitzer would discover that Wall Street banks were cheating retail customers by recommending stocks they knew were dogs and right before he discovered that the mutual fund industry was cheating its retail customers by allowing favored clients to trade after hours, which came right before he discovered that commercial insurance brokers were cheating their clients by taking kickbacks from insurers instead looking for the best deal, which was right before he discovered that American International Group—does that name ring a bell?—was hiding losses and otherwise deceiving the market.
So his credibility was very high at the time, while the financial-services industry’s was not.

You are on to something here, and it involves the state-federal relationship when it comes to finance. I read today that former New York investment banker Goldman Sachs is seeking a New York rather than federal bank charter. Hmmm. Why would this former go-go company do this just weeks after the federal government agreed to make it a bank in order to save it from a Lehman-like meltdown? And I note that the federal government has come to the aid of insurance companies that are chartered and registered by the states. It took the collapse of AIG for the states to realize they couldn't underwrite AIG's more than $1 trillion in failed investments, even though AIG was supposed to be a company with more than $1 trillion in assets. There is now talk I hear about making federal insurance companies. We have an insurance industry which has created and now manages a large part of the $64 trillion in derivatives through the credit default swap market, yet it is only backed by a few billions in state funds in the event it defaults. Who defaults on an insurance policy, you may ask. We might soon see.
Last point is that we have a secret derivatives market operating in the United States that Joe Six-Pack knows nothing about. Look somewhere for a quote on a credit default swap and see if you can buy one, if you want to see what I mean. Billions have been made on this market and pocketed by the elite players who are in the know about it. But Joe Six-Pack only gets to pick up the costs when it defaults and collapses, threatening to bring down the economies of the western world.
Posted by edward allen on Tue 14 Oct 2008 at 02:22 PM
I can tell you exactly where the failure was. The problem was that republicans were raising concerns about lending practices and we have a media that sides with democrats (come on, let's be honest here) and goes against anything pushed by republicans. Of course, the media should be pushing back on both parties far more than they do.
We also have a media that refuses to let any third parties have equal time so voices who are 100% accurate on the subject (Ron Paul) are too oftenlocked out of discussions or portrayed as a kook because he doesn't follow any party line.
This is all problems of the press and in an optimistic view should be able to be fixed by the press, but I don't believe that can happen when the country is divided so sharply party line, which is also the fault of the press by turning even the slightest story into an 'us vs. them' conflict.
If, as some have said, journalism died in 2008, than it was by suicide. Unfortunately the poison that killed journalism has in the process severely wounded this entire country.
That's a massive problem when you consider the two party system has proven to be corrupt and unwilling to do what the public wants (like not passing a bailout bill or staying in Iraq).
Posted by Tim on Tue 14 Oct 2008 at 03:08 PM
You're trying to be a comedian here right Tim? The MSM has been firmly in the pocket of GOP hacks since the Reagan revolution. There is no liberal/democratic press to speak of outside os a few shows on TV like Rachel Maddow and Keith Olbermann, and the occasional piece in the NYT.
GOP hacks continually spin the same crap over and over again - Democrats are tax ands spend, liberal, big government socialists whereas the GOP is small government (now there's a real joke).
This mess was caused by a lack of regulation so you can't have it both ways, if it's the democrats fault then obviously they aren't big government as deregulation doesn't fit into that model but it sure does fit the supposed GOP model now doesn't it. Don't let the fact that the deregulation that brought this mess on the world was written and sponsored by Republicans get in the way of that theory though.
Posted by Doug Alder on Tue 14 Oct 2008 at 10:17 PM
More tedious navel-gazing by a media critic. Trying to blame the media for this fiasco is like trying to blame a tourist for the Chicago fire. This disaster was caused by lax (or nonexistent) regulation and greed, same as most financial meltdowns. Both were amply covered in the news media. But here's the sad truth: People didn't care because they routinely ignore news that they don't want to hear. Mortgage rates were LOW, loans were PLENTIFUL, and home prices were SOARING. No one wanted to take away the punch bowl from the party just because of some skeptical news coverage. Stop pretending that the news media can cause or cure all ills. It's solipsistic in the extreme.
Posted by m.a.s. on Wed 15 Oct 2008 at 12:22 PM
More tedious navel-gazing by a media critic. Trying to blame the media for this fiasco is like trying to blame a tourist for the Chicago fire.
This disaster was caused by lax (or nonexistent) regulation and greed, same as most financial meltdowns. Both were amply covered in the news media.
But here's the sad truth: People didn't care because they routinely ignore news that they don't want to hear. Mortgage rates were LOW, loans were PLENTIFUL, and home prices were SOARING. No one wanted to take away the punch bowl from the party just because of some skeptical news coverage.
Don't assume that the news media causes or can cure all ills.
Posted by m.a.s. on Wed 15 Oct 2008 at 01:03 PM
Thank you for a truly sad, wonderful article.
A couple things that might interest you.
Credit Default Swaps are, in their current formulation, insurance fraud. They are insurance on bond devaluation events (ratings downgrades and bankruptcies). But you can't sell your fire insurance policy to someone else! And you certainly can't sell 20 copies of your fire insurance policy, all around town! It's should be regulated like any insurance market.
But what's much lower on the radar, and what is bound to be the avenue for some _really_ malicious/criminal activities is what is called "dark pools of liquidity."
POSIT, Pipeline, Millenium, and at least a half dozen more companies run off the books trading venues. You and I can't trade there, so it is an exclusive (and therefore elitist ;) market. RegNMS says that you can't trade outside the box (if you want to buy at 21, you _have_ to buy from everyone selling at a price under 21, even if it is Joe Schmoe from Kalamazo selling at 20.90). But if you trade through any of these "dark pools" no one knows! It is all, as far as I can tell, under the table.
Is the best price in one of these dark pools? You and I will never know because we aren't a registered broker/dealer. Is someone violating trading regulations by trading through a dark pool? Neither you, nor I, nor anyone knows how oats, green peas, and barley, grows.
I sound glib. There is _no_ legitimate reason for these entities to exist.
Recent reports say more than 5% of all trades move through these institutions.
Posted by Joshua Simeon Narins on Sat 18 Oct 2008 at 08:14 PM