1 Talk to people who are into mobile reading devices like the Kindle and the iPad, and a scene from the movie Minority Report tends to come up. Tom Cruise, who is on the run from the law, is on a train. Next to him, a man reads USA Today on what looks and acts like broadsheet paper but is clearly digital film of some sort, with animated graphics and flashing news updates. Suddenly, a photo of Cruise pops up on the man’s (and everyone else’s) gadget, along with an announcement that he is wanted for murder.
It’s a bummer for Cruise, but that screen makes techies swoon: paper-thin, it has the slight gloss of a laminate but otherwise looks like typical newsprint, though it is clearly connected to some ultrafast wireless network and can instantly access the limitless information of the future Internet. You get the impression that, after Cruise fled the train, the man folded up that screen, shoved it into his briefcase, and took it out later to find USA Today (or the publication of his choice) waiting with a fresh batch of articles. Alas, no such product actually exists . . . yet. But it’s closer than you may think. Steven Spielberg and crew developed the idea based on input from E-Ink, a manufacturer of so-called electronic paper based in Cambridge, Massachusetts, which The Boston Globe last year called the “hottest technology company” in the Boston area.
Hollywood has long been something of a bellwether for advanced technologies, and that is certainly the case here. In April, I called Sri Peruvemba, E-Ink’s marketing director. The company was involved in one of the most conspicuous recent examples of journalism’s pursuit of this digital Holy Grail: an electronic-paper cover that Esquire magazine used on its seventy-fifth anniversary issue in September 2008. Peruvemba directed me to a YouTube video of critics from Gizmodo, Gawker Media’s popular gadget site, trying to “hack” it. “Wait until they get the knives,” Peruvemba chirped, after I noted the cover’s impressive resistance to the hackers’ attempts to tear it apart by hand and light it on fire.
Rugged, shatterproof screens will be a key feature of future e-readers, but overall, Gizmodo was lukewarm about Esquire’s experiment: “This is really slick in some ways—as far as attention goes—but the bigger thing it shows is the terrible lack of understanding that most magazine editors have in dealing with the digital future of their publications.” That’s probably true. The New York Times reported that Esquire made a six-figure investment to develop the battery alone—hardly a sustainable model for the industry, even if Ford did buy an ad, executed on e-paper, on the inside cover.
But it’s not just the battery; it’s the gimmicky, one-off approach. Media outlets are still having a tough time seeing beyond their own dwindling print runs, and it was only three years ago that electronic paper helped incite what has been called the “e-reading revolution.” It’s not much of a revolution yet, but what is increasingly apparent is that mobile devices have the potential to offer the journalism business that rare and beautiful thing: a second chance—another shot at monetizing digital content and ensuring future profitability that was missed during the advent of Web 1.0.
I use the word “potential” because there are many ifs and unknowns undergirding this notion of a second chance. But I use it also because so much of the hype about how e-readers could save journalism that has poured forth since the release of the iPad in April (actually, such articles have been appearing since the launch of the Kindle in 2007), ignores—or fails to grasp—what’s really going on. Proponents of the revolution believe that a richly designed and robust mobile reader will be a boon to digital subscriptions, and more importantly to advertising, in a way, and at a rate, that the Web has not. What this theory hinges on, though—and what the hype has tended to overlook—is the need for the media companies that create news and other editorial content to reclaim control over the channels of delivery for that content—the kind of control they had when the printing press was still at the center of our information universe.

Anybody who calls "giving away content" newspapers' "original sin" is pretty ignorant of history, of reality, of business, of the Internet.
#1 Posted by Howard Owens, CJR on Tue 13 Jul 2010 at 01:39 PM
So what will this advance in e-reader penetration mean for the job of a newspaper reporter? I suspect it means that reporters would be expected to constantly break news 24-7 (maybe this is already the case for some). I would also suspect that the reporter would be paid about the same he/she is now if not less. How many people, especially talented ones who have other options, are going to be willing to do this? And if they're not, regardless of how slick the delivery model is, how good will the product be?
#2 Posted by Rick, CJR on Tue 13 Jul 2010 at 02:29 PM
No, e-readers won't save journalism -- at least not the kind that the author and the Columbia Journalism Review practice.
Consider the people reading this essay. What percentage of readers are consuming it on an e-reader, iPod, iPad, Android phone, or any other mobile device, relative to the percentage of readers who are looking at it on a PC or laptop screen? I suspect the mobile:PC ratio is quite small -- maybe just a few percentage points, if that (perhaps the CJR can let us know?). I further believe that even among those who are looking at it on a mobile device or e-reader, very few are reading it from start to finish. Like many publishers, the Columbia Journalism Review is still oriented toward long prose pieces that are a poor fit for mobile devices or the people who own them. Who is going to read a 4,546-word analysis (the length of this essay) on a small screen, or even a 1,000-word news article. How many would be willing to shell out subscription fees for long-form Time, Wired, or WaPo print content on a Nook or iPhone?
Even short-form content may be a stretch, when there are so many other free and low-cost distractions available on mobile devices. Publishers no longer have a monopoly on information or entertainment, like they did a decade ago, when tabloids, metro newspapers, books, magazines and CD walkmans were the staple on subway cars. Now when I look around at my fellow commuters, I see people playing games, listening to mp3s, texting, watching videos, checking Facebook for updates, and sometimes even looking at a newspaper or mobile news app. If people don't want to read a 2,000-word feature, or don't feel like paying for news (print or mobile), they still have too many free/cheaper options to choose from -- options that they didn't have before, because the technology wasn't widely available.
#3 Posted by Ian Lamont, CJR on Tue 13 Jul 2010 at 07:54 PM
@Ian
Ian my old friend, we learned this lesson the hard way did we not? While I disagree with you that long form content is not a fit for mobile (I regularly consume 2,000+ word essays on the subway on my iPhone) your overall picture is correct.
Take this very essay for example, which was aggregated by Romenesko who actually wrote a better title and lead for the story than the author. Romensko pointed out that the real problem is a structure which will never be supported by micro-payments or online advertising. (Read: I got a better experience from Romenesko's feed than the for-pay magazine experience) Ebook readers, smart phones, e-ink, flexible screens, multi-platform feeds -- none of this matters of people aren't willing to pay for the product. And this is where news-men have to take a good long, honest look at themselves and think, "are there really that many people that are willing to pay for this, and why should they?" Once they can answer that question in a way that 60%+ of the average people in a region can agree with -- they will have a logical business model.
But until then, they will be continually marketing to the luddite or dying markets of print, thumbs in their ears, ignoring the production improvements that need to be done to make it worth shelling out the increasing few dollars the average american has.
#4 Posted by Chris Tompkins, CJR on Tue 13 Jul 2010 at 08:53 PM
Some interesting points brought up in this article although I have to disagree with some of the members comments, just simply because times have changed, so an adoption of change is necessary.
http://choyungteas.net
#5 Posted by Carlos Tevez, CJR on Tue 13 Jul 2010 at 10:02 PM
Ian Lamont of Chiayi Taiwan, smile:
RE: "Consider the people reading this essay. What percentage of readers are consuming it on an e-reader, iPod, iPad, Android phone, or any other mobile device, relative to the percentage of readers who are looking at it on a PC or laptop screen? I suspect the mobile:PC ratio is quite small -- maybe just a few percentage points, if that (perhaps the CJR can let us know?). I further believe that even among those who are looking at it on a mobile device or e-reader, very few are reading it from start to finish."
Uh, what about those like me who printed the story out on hardcopy in order to read in properly and find a typo in section 3 that neither the editors nor SpellCheck could spot?
HuH? Ever heard of reading on paper, mate? Screening is for the birds.
Spot the typo? " Once again, one credit card buys access and the all the content—including news—that a consumer desires." Fixed now. Bc i wrote in..... see? paper rules!
#6 Posted by Dannie Blume, CJR on Wed 14 Jul 2010 at 10:13 AM
Well, I've just read entire piece & all comments (interesting mix, too) on iPhone-- where I also have 20 books. Problem is in journalists' heads: e-reader not THE solution. It enables easy acquisition of a new journalism-- only dimly emerging. I must WANT to consume journalistic output. Much of it forgets multimedia appropriate use for different learners.
But I am getting iPad. Going blind w/too small screen.
#7 Posted by CR Dykers, CJR on Sat 17 Jul 2010 at 08:53 AM
interesting piece although it fails to answer th crucial question: what kind of content will people be willing to pay for-in addition to all that free stuff still out there? Is it finely crafted printed text with exquisite pics? Is it a combination of text and video that commands a premium price? Is it some video game-style content luringt the paying masses? Or mulitlayered infographics where paying customers can delve into their topic of choice? Is it a winning combination of all of the above?
i'd be interested to know what kind of content works for the paid model and if there are some successful examples.
oh, and i just read the whole piece on a small palm pre screen. No problem with that. Although a mobile version of cjr would be nice.
#8 Posted by the occasional outsider, CJR on Thu 19 Aug 2010 at 01:43 PM
Interesting thoughts here - and I have to say, after having tried out an iPad for a month, that form and medium does shape reading habits, and hence desires and needs to some extent.
But there are broader problems: The first is that simply charging for content isn't going to bring back the kinds of revenues newsrooms (and great journalism) used to thrive on. (Not that all of that money was well spent, or efficiently spent). The second is that little thought has been put into thinking about how the news "product" should change online or on mobile, beyond making it more timely and throwing more bells and whistles (video, audio, interactive graphics) at what is fundamentally a 100-year-old story structure.
I try to look at how we need to evolve newsroom processes, and more importantly, news products, at my blog (structureofnews.wordpress.com) - we need to rethink the notion of story as the basic element of what we produce and learn to create more long-term value out of the reporting, researching and writing/creating process.
#9 Posted by Reg Chua, CJR on Wed 1 Sep 2010 at 08:50 PM