In 2009, an editor for a new website called The Faster Times, which sought to be “an edgier Huffington Post,” emailed to ask if I was interested in a part-time job. I didn’t know it was possible to be edgier than HuffPo, but their payment scheme was certainly more innovative. Whereas HuffPo paid staff reporters the old-fashioned way, with a salary and benefits, while paying freelancers nothing at all, The Faster Times was creating a third way. Instead of staff writers, it had contributors who spent roughly 10 hours a week blogging and aggregating news on a given topic. In exchange, they would receive a majority of the revenue generated by ads sold on the pages they created. It took me a while to realize the editor was suggesting that I promise to perform a regular amount of work in exchange for no guaranteed payment at all.
At the very beginning of my career, I did a few articles for free to get reporting experience, and some unpaid blogging for The American Prospect to raise my profile. But I thought my writing-for-free-days were behind me. At 27, I had covered a presidential election as a staff writer for Politico and written features for a number of prestigious national magazines. Although I was shocked by the Faster Times proposal, I wasn’t offended: They had gotten my name from a former colleague at The New Republic who was working with them, and other writers, some more accomplished than I, had signed on.
The Faster Times is not unique. In recent years, a number of sites have tried similar business models, or started offering writers bonuses based on traffic. True/Slant, a website that launched in 2009, paid contributors a small monthly fee in exchange for a set number of posts, and bonuses for hitting traffic targets. Some sites don’t pay for freelance content at all, while others, such as The Awl, didn’t start paying until they were up and running for a year or so.
The opportunity these sites offer—if you can call it that—is a chance to build your brand and hone your skills. As I discovered, any income that may come, directly or indirectly, from all that building and honing is more of an unexpected windfall than a way to actually earn a living.
Writing for free can indeed pay dividends. For example, some editors at Feministing, an influential blog of politics and culture, have gotten book deals thanks to the popularity of their blogging. The ad revenue generated by the site’s 500,000 monthly unique visitors is barely enough to pay for more than operating costs, so Feministing doesn’t guarantee its writers income. But everyone keeps track of her hours and if there’s money leftover at the end of the year, bonuses are paid based on those hours, not traffic. “We think that is more fair because of the uncertainty of what gets traffic,” says Samhita Mukhopadhyay, an editor at Feministing.
Linking payment to traffic can give a publication a competitive advantage, because it doesn’t risk paying a writer more than his content will earn for the site. More established websites, such as Talking Points Memo and Gawker, adopted bonuses linked to traffic, though the bulk of their writers’ compensation is from salaries. In 2010, Forbes bought True/Slant, and many of its features were integrated into Forbes.com; Forbes now pays some contributors in a similar traffic-based fashion.
This is not the career path I envisioned when I graduated from college and applied for an internship with The Nation in 2003. My father was a senior editor at Newsweek at the time, and I set out on the traditional path to national magazine writing: Intern for at least a small stipend, freelance for at least a small fee, and apply for staff jobs until you got one. Today’s aspiring magazine writers might be better advised to start their own websites, promote them on their Twitter feeds, freelance for no paycheck, and hope for good things to happen.
Welcome to the Internet news world. Having been in the newspaper business for the last 20 plus years, I have watched the demise of this industry to the rise of the non-paying industry of reporting/writing for the Online Publications. As much as I love to write, I'm discouraged by the inventive ways that publishers "don't" pay for their journalists today. So I had to branched out to include developing marketing for businesses in my area, to pay my bills; but can't get medical insurance from any of the three media companies I work for, muchless dental or Life insurances. As for investigative reporting, I believe this will be almost non-existing by the next decade, because it can't be paid for. Not to get too political, but remember the Framer's of the U.S. Constitution gave us the right for Free Speech, to be watchful and have checks and balances for our government. I don't see that happening in the future...do you?
#1 Posted by Sandie Reed, CJR on Mon 9 Jul 2012 at 02:52 PM
Nice to see CJR looking at freelance which is critical to the way journalism works today but this article does not really say all that much. It singles out a few online-only outfits and analyzes a model no one who is in the labor class the model relies on believes can work. This was not the right article on freelancing.
#2 Posted by tip of the iceberg, CJR on Tue 31 Jul 2012 at 01:49 PM
did your dad being a senior editor at Newsweek have anything to do with you getting a job there?
#3 Posted by just curious, CJR on Wed 1 Aug 2012 at 12:30 PM
I think this is an interesting topic and I agree with Sandie Reed. Part of what's been disheartening about going from working for mainstream newspapers to working as a freelancer is taking note of the fact that most outlets don't want to pay for quality journalism. They're more interested in paying for clicks on articles, or selling the notion of building a platform to writers instead of actually paying them what they're worth. So in essence, the failed and failing business model that is making print newspapers fall apart has been appropriated by the online world.
If you tell smart people who sell ideas for a living that what they do doesn't have any monetary value at all (because there are now content farms and the like) how do you expect them to create the kind of content that people will actually want to read? When people talk about the death of journalism as an industry, they fail to hash out the economics of what we do - it's all fine and nice to serve your country and your community around you by doing the grueling work of actually talking to people on the phone and in real life. But who can afford to do that if no one pays you to do it?
Essentially, the old school hierarchy of newspapers - where good old boys hired their friends, sons, nephews and other relatives for the prime beats - has now trickled into the blogosphere where the people with relationships with other editors get paid work and the rest of us have to play catch up. It's quite disheartening.
But eventually anyone who really values this work will have to come up with a personal business model, maybe even one that doesn't include producing journalism at all. We'll have to be more like Sojourner Truth, who said, "I sell the shadow to support the substance."
#4 Posted by Joshunda, CJR on Thu 9 Aug 2012 at 01:59 PM
Being a business journalist, I'd make the point that page views have an unlimited supply and a finite worth, so its quite obvious to me that the industry is in a race to the bottom.
#5 Posted by Anonymous, CJR on Tue 21 Aug 2012 at 06:44 PM
This click-for-bonus model is rather like the experiment in which monkeys are given simple tasks and rewarded with either grapes (the good stuff) or slices of cucumber. (see: http://youtu.be/g8mynrRd7Ak ). It will remain an entertaining demonstration (111,000 views, so far) so long as monkeys are not covered under American wage and hour laws.
How this system of non-compensation is deemed legal for human writers, no matter how young, foolish and unsintered, would make for an interesting* news article--were any media outlet equipped to report and publish such complex and non-nipple-baring legal insolence.
Absent that, the new media's servants, indentured and otherwise, will no doubt continue to debate the merits of their lords' various business models without conclusion. But it was the great blogger and receiver of corporately-funded public speaking fees, Samuel Johnson, who boiled it down: "No man but a blockhead ever wrote, except for money."
*To me, at least, and perhaps a few dozen other graying FON naifs; certainly not enough potential traffic there for anyone to get paid.
#6 Posted by Edward Ericson Jr., CJR on Sun 26 Aug 2012 at 09:49 AM