Jack Shafer and Stephen Engelberg haven’t changed their minds: Politico, they still believe, made a journalistic error when it decided a week ago to publish its reporting on allegations of sexual harassment against Republican presidential candidate Herman Cain stemming from his tenure as head of the National Restaurant Association during the late 1990s.
Shafer, the estimable press critic now at Reuters, and Engelberg, managing editor of the muckraking newsroom ProPublica, were the most prominent journalistic voices arguing that the story wasn’t ready to see the light of day. And while a number of new details have come to light since last Sunday evening, when Politico first published its reporting—including the size of the settlements received by two female accusers upon leaving the trade association, somewhat more specific accounts of what Cain is alleged to have done, and Cain’s own stumbling response to the news—both said late this week that their views hadn’t changed.
Shafer and Engelberg offer the right criticisms of the article, and I agree that Politico’s original story could have been improved. But after corresponding with each of them—and also with John Harris, Politico’s editor-in-chief—over the last couple days, I think this is a case where Politico’s critics have the weaker end of the argument.
What are the criticisms? Engelberg notes that Politico’s sources weren’t on the record, that the story doesn’t pin down “what exactly was said or done by Cain”—the description of his alleged actions includes the frustratingly opaque phrase “physical gestures that were not overtly sexual but that made women who experienced or witnessed them uncomfortable and that they regarded as improper in a professional relationship”—and also that the description of the settlements as “in the five-figure range” leaves open the possibility that Cain’s employers were trying to expeditiously resolve weak claims (at the low end) or feared substantial legal liability (at the high end). Shafer echoes these concerns (see also here) and adds that the credibility of the unspecified “documentation” Politico claims to have seen outlining some of the allegations hinges on what that document actually is: “Transcripts? Internal HR filings? A letter of accusation? A tape-recording? A letter from the lawyers for the accusers petitioning for a cash settlement from the National Restaurant Association?”
These are good points, and when I asked Harris about the vague description of Cain’s actions, the nature of the documentation, and the potential ambiguity regarding the size of the settlements, he didn’t really address them. (“As you can appreciate, there is a lot I can’t discuss in detail on this subject because of the sensitivity of this story’s subject matter and our sourcing obligations,” he wrote via email.) At the least, Politico should have provided some of the context given by this CNN article cited by Shafer, about what the size of a settlement might indicate. And if, due to sourcing restrictions, it really couldn’t say whether the “documentation” was created by Cain’s accusers or his employers, it probably should not have mentioned it—on the grounds that, to borrow a lawyer’s term, its value was more prejudicial than probative.
So why do I side with Politico’s decision to publish? Because the corroborated information that it did have—two female subordinates accused a presidential candidate of improper behavior, and those allegations prompted a response that involved monetary settlements, non-disclosure agreements, and their departure from their jobs—is newsworthy on its own. It doesn’t tell us everything we might want to know. But it tells us something about his conduct, and it was worth reporting.
In his criticism, Engelberg has pushed hard on the idea that without more specific details, readers could not judge just how bad Cain’s behavior was. It’s not the reporter’s job to figure out whether Cain’s conduct met the legal standard for sexual harassment, he wrote over e-mail, “but you can provide enough information to help readers make common sense judgments about whether this is the sort of behavior they could accept in a presidential candidate. To do that, you need to know the basic facts.”
To answer John Harris's question, yes, journalists--including Politico journalists--hold back "newsworthy information" all the time in the preparation of their stories.
#1 Posted by Jack Shafer, CJR on Sat 5 Nov 2011 at 04:09 PM
I think Mr Shafer has his quotation marks misplaced. It should be "...'journalists' hold back newsworthy information all the time."
There simply is no journalistic reason to withhold newsworthy information. There may be other reasons, ie other agendas that the 'journalist' is pursuing. I'm sure there are journalists who are reluctant to put out information that hurts a cause they believe in, or who withhold information so that they can come out with a more damaging attack later on someone they don't like. But those are political reasons, not journalistic reasons.
Or possibly the journalist cherishes the role of gatekeeper more than that of newsgatherer. That's pure corruption, in my view.
#2 Posted by Bob Gardner, CJR on Sat 5 Nov 2011 at 05:57 PM
Politico has always been more a gossip rag than a contributor to effective political understanding. It's politics for the reality show generation.
So yeah, I'm not too interested in the Raising Cain drama because when I see sex featured in a political column, I know it's either about someone being stupid and getting caught or about someone getting angry and getting blood. The article's purpose is to get the public leering at a politician's groin and not their policy positions. Sometimes it works; as it appears to be doing in the case of Cain, Spitzer and others; and sometimes it doesn't; as it didn't in the case of Vitter and Schwarzenegger (and it'd be a good study taken to find out why).
But it's unacceptable to print details like this without for sure confirmation of the veracity of the implied acts. The new York times did this to John McCain and The times suffered for it and HP lost a CEO over purile innuendo and has not been the same company since.
And even the cases where the allegations are established, such as in Clarence Thomas's case, the sexual spotlight drives focus away from more relevant ethical issues.
Responsible media need to be aware of the damage their rumors can do to the rumor spreader, the rumor subject, and the general debate. Unless you have it established on record what sexual misteps a person did, it shouldn't be reported. In the case that it is established, it should be reported with due focus and not be allowed to suck the air out of the political room.
We're supposed to be contributing to the public's education, not its appetite.
#3 Posted by Thimbles, CJR on Sat 5 Nov 2011 at 06:37 PM
i would agree with thimbles if these were just rumors, but these were formal charges. The existence of these charges shouldn't be kept from the public.
#4 Posted by bob gardner, CJR on Sun 6 Nov 2011 at 12:32 PM
Bob Gardner wrote: The existence of these charges shouldn't be kept from the public.
padikiller wonders: You mean like the name of Obama's cocaine dealer has been kept from the public?
#5 Posted by padikiller, CJR on Sun 6 Nov 2011 at 12:51 PM
"i would agree with thimbles if these were just rumors, but these were formal charges."
But that's the thing, these were settled charges, not proven ones:
"two female subordinates accused a presidential candidate of improper behavior, and those allegations prompted a response that involved monetary settlements, non-disclosure agreements, and their departure from their jobs"
Unless you have other evidence to say otherwise, you don't know if the settlement was done to protect a guilty man from punishment or to protect an innocent man from embarrassment. Until a journalist establishes that, he should avoid publishing in case he ends up doing to an innocent man what the settlement was intended to avoid. Once you establish guilt, publish and punish I say, but before then? What's the rush?
#6 Posted by Thimbles, CJR on Sun 6 Nov 2011 at 01:15 PM
Thimbles, I agree with you (!).
Are you sure you're really Thimbles? Or are you, like, a Bizarro-world Thimbles?
(Just kidding. Nice to see some common ground here.)
#7 Posted by JLD, CJR on Mon 7 Nov 2011 at 08:44 AM
JLD wrote: Thimbles, I agree with you (!).
padikiller wonders: Isn't this one of the seven signs of the Apocalypse?
#8 Posted by padikiller, CJR on Mon 7 Nov 2011 at 09:35 AM
Thimbles:
Didn't Politico bend over backwards to give Cain a chance to respond and add detail? (I seem to recall that they tried to get him to respond/comment for 10 days or so before they went live with the story.)
When the outcomes of cases like these are buried under NDA's, aren't you forced to go with less-than-100% of the facts, since those facts have been deliberately hidden?
I agree that Politico is not exactly in the front ranks of great journalism on a day-to-day basis, but the ire directed at them here smells to me like a big case of "shoot the messenger".
#9 Posted by garhighway, CJR on Mon 7 Nov 2011 at 10:38 AM
"When the outcomes of cases like these are buried under NDA's, aren't you forced to go with less-than-100% of the facts, since those facts have been deliberately hidden?"
That is an issue and if a guy has 20 settlements covered by NDA's, that's a very odd pattern worth exploring it not reporting.
I think though, in the end, I go with Blackstone.
http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blackstone's_formulation
#10 Posted by Thimbles, CJR on Mon 7 Nov 2011 at 01:19 PM
As a journalist, I had the same angry reaction as Shafer and Engelberg did when the Politico story came out, and I haven't changed my mind either. I don't find Greg Marx's counterarguments at all convincing. Politico obviously did not report everything it knew because it knew the names of the sources and the alleged harassment victims but did not report them. It's impossible for readers to evaluate the credibility of a story without knowing more about the sources, or at least the nature of the documents relied upon. The Clarence Thomas case was quite different because an accuser came forward publicly with specifics, and we could evaluate her credibility. I well understand why the alleged victims in this case would not want to identify themselves. But that doesn't let the media off the hook. They don't have a publishable story until they can publish details that make the story verifiable. And I disagree with Marx that Politico published enough details of the alleged misconduct to enable readers to make a judgment. Sexual harassment is a very fact-specific offense and we readers can't make a reasonable judgment based on the vague, unsourced allegations that were offered.
#11 Posted by Harris Meyer, CJR on Mon 7 Nov 2011 at 03:28 PM
All sex scandal stories are created equal, some more equal than others.
#12 Posted by Mike H, CJR on Mon 7 Nov 2011 at 03:46 PM
There will be blowback.
#13 Posted by Mark Richard, CJR on Mon 7 Nov 2011 at 04:51 PM
Yeah, but the question is, was there backblowing?
#14 Posted by padikiller, CJR on Mon 7 Nov 2011 at 05:24 PM