Laurels to Len Downie Jr. and Michael Schudson for a comprehensive review of developments in the journalistic ecosystem.
Darts for the mile-wide, inch-deep reportage. We all know about most of these developments. So, what epiphanies are to be drawn from what is working? I wish their calls to action were grounded in more specific context to convince people of their remediative powers. Indeed, most of the fledgling experiments they cite are too young to be prescriptive. Nor are their recommendations advanced by a depth of explanation that would engender legislative or regulatory support.
Besides, many of their suggestions have been happening for a while now: scores of news ventures have launched as nonprofits; more than 200 community and place-based foundations have invested in news initiatives since 2005; and the public broadcasting community has already announced plans to expand local news reporting.
If we really want to reconstruct American journalism, we need to look at more than the supply side; we need to explore the demand side, too. We need to start paying attention to the trail of clues in the new media ecosystem and follow those “breadcrumbs.” What ailing industry would look for a fix that only thinks of “us,” the news suppliers, and not “them,” the news consumers? I don’t hear from any of those consumers in this report.
The American public has been giving mainstream journalism a steady stream of negative feedback. Most recently, 70 percent gave the press poor-to-failing grades in unpacking the various health care proposals. And while the public still pays homage to watchdog reporting, only 29 percent of those recently surveyed by the Pew Research Center said the press gets the facts right.
So how are some of the new media makers addressing this? Many newly launched sites were triggered by frustrations with or vacuums created by mainstream news outlets.
In looking to reconstruct journalism, I’d start not by asking how do we get money for what we’ve always done. I’d ask instead: How do we provide something worth paying for? As a long-time news consumer, I have recoiled at much of what we are rendering as “journalism.”
What if it’s not just the business model of journalism that is broken? What if the way we are doing our journalism is broken, too? How are some of the new media makers trying to fix that?
Some questions that need to be addressed:
• What if the something-for-everyone, grocery-store model of newspapers no longer meets consumers’ needs—especially in an era of ESPN, Entertainment Tonight, and Bloomberg’s business news?
• What if some of the old conventions of “good” journalism, those things we do on autopilot, are hampering instead of safeguarding good reporting? For example: most new media makers don’t traffic in “scorecard” journalism; they present fewer false equilibriums; conflict is not the most prevalent definition of “news” for them.
• How is objectivity being redefined in emerging news sites? It’s not a dispassionate recitation of facts or he said/she said paradigms. A new objectivity informed by a sense of place and stewardship for community is taking root. TPM’s Josh Marshall, for example, is quoted as saying, “We’re not trying to be completely impartial but fair and rigorously honest.”
• What if just producing “journalism” is no longer enough? What if the public wants more—a scope of “news work,” as project researcher Chris Anderson noted in his recent dissertation, that also includes navigation, aggregation, linkages, access, social networking, crowdsourcing, data mining, visualizations, viral marketing, and transparency?
• What if the public’s definition of “good” journalism is more than the rewards we give ourselves—the prizes on the wall and scalps on our belts? How would the public define it?
When my organization, J-Lab, convened focus groups of news consumers a few months ago, not one person used the word “democracy” in describing the role of news. They valued information they could trust, and they wanted more connections to their topics or community.
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I think this is right on the mark. I know that in my own experience, even as a relative newcomer to the world of journalism, I have fallen into the trap of thinking I would create something "that people need" before I started to learn what people really wanted. And what they want is not necessarily what I, or my organization, had been planning to give them. It takes the kind of flexibility of approach and the use of many different tools as Jan Schaffer is describing here, even if learning to use all these tools is hard at first. And if you generate information and ideas that people can really use the democracy part will take care of itself.
#1 Posted by Ned Hodgman, CJR on Mon 19 Oct 2009 at 05:50 PM
Excellent observations, Jan, on how thin this report was. Can we take a report on the future of journalism seriously if it doesn't take social media into account? I blogged on this, too: http://stevebuttry.wordpress.com/2009/10/19/american-media-need-innovation-not-subsidy/
#2 Posted by Steve Buttry, CJR on Mon 19 Oct 2009 at 05:56 PM
On the money Jan! The last five years have been frustrating because the "problem' has always been framed by reporters wondering what it is exactly that has 'happened' to them. Not anything they might done -- or not done . And every solution is aimed at propping up a generation that failed to hold the attention of its audience; that wore too easily the heroic mantle of truth-telling. And always this "Democracy, democracy. democracy." As if 'the people' weren't the true heroes of democracy.
#3 Posted by Bob Calo, CJR on Mon 19 Oct 2009 at 08:02 PM
Agree. I think Mathew Ingram's tweet that led me to your article said it very well: "Instead of 'how do we get money for what we’ve always done,' ask 'How do we provide something worth paying for?'"
Although the article begins by declaring that Journalism is at risk because “the economic foundation of the nation’s newspapers..is collapsing,” there is no collaboration with people who have experience solving economic problems. I've drafted a post entitled. "Missing the 'We' attitude of the 'Greatest Generation.'" http://bit.ly/4rLVMN
Katherine Warman Kern
@comradity
#4 Posted by Katherine Warman Kern, CJR on Mon 19 Oct 2009 at 08:24 PM
Some good ideas. BUT... if you think monetizing the Net for digital print media is tough now, who's going to pay for all that other stuff?
Fact is, until newspapers charge a ROBUST price for such robust web content, it's pounding more money and content down a rathole.
Fact No. 2 is that Europe, in addition to government supports, has newspapers that charge for their product, and people that will pay. Maybe Newspapers can get rid of casual print as well as casual online readers.
#5 Posted by SocraticGadfly, CJR on Mon 19 Oct 2009 at 11:30 PM
I was just at a conference this weekend where the question came up about who or what was to blame for the crisis in journalism?
"Journalists," I mumbled, but only to myself.
Thank you for saying it out loud.
#6 Posted by Paul Grabowicz, CJR on Tue 20 Oct 2009 at 02:43 AM
Thanks for the good post. That's exactly the question -- what is on offer that people would be willing to pay for?
The answer is, quite a lot -- but little of it is coming from newspapers or from the "journalism establishmen.t"
All of the loud debate (some would say death cries) of the professional journalism establishment tend to drown out the fact that there already are thousands of websites successfully charging for content that is highly relevant, valuable and actionable. Newspapers and other traditional institutions of professional journalism just haven't been savvy or nimble enough to conceive of and create such content.
These successful website operators might be compared to the pamphleteers of the 18th century who contributed to a freewheeling society with their plethora of voices. They probably wouldn't be referred to as journalists, at least not by the journalism establishment -- but one of these days soon they may be the only ones left standing.
What is needed is not only a redefinition of journalism, but of what it means to be a journalist. It's not only a problem of saving or recreating journalistic institutions, although by all means let's try. It's also an issue of how journalists view themselves. Their expertise is their asset and their byline is their brand -- and it's time for them to start acting like entrepreneurs and using new tools to leverage their assets, rather than just looking for the next new institution to grant them safe harbor.
Kind regards,
Evan Rudowski
http://www.subhub.com
#7 Posted by Evan Rudowski, CJR on Tue 20 Oct 2009 at 04:05 AM
Thanks for the good post. That's exactly the question -- what is on offer that people would be willing to pay for?
The answer is, quite a lot -- but little of it is coming from newspapers or from the "journalism establishment."
All of the loud debate (some would say death cries) of the professional journalism establishment tend to drown out the fact that there already are thousands of websites successfully charging for content that is highly relevant, valuable and actionable. Newspapers and other traditional institutions of professional journalism just haven't been savvy or nimble enough to conceive of and create such content.
These successful website operators might be compared to the pamphleteers of the 18th century who contributed to a freewheeling society with their plethora of voices. They probably wouldn't be referred to as journalists, at least not by the journalism establishment -- but one of these days soon they may be the only ones left standing.
What is needed is not only a redefinition of journalism, but of what it means to be a journalist. It's not only a problem of saving or recreating journalistic institutions, although by all means let's try. It's also an issue of how journalists view themselves. Their expertise is their asset and their byline is their brand -- and it's time for them to start acting like entrepreneurs and using new tools to leverage their assets, rather than just looking for the next new institution to grant them safe harbor.
Kind regards,
Evan Rudowski
http://www.subhub.com
#8 Posted by Evan Rudowski, CJR on Tue 20 Oct 2009 at 04:07 AM
I agree that journalists shouldn't sit in a silo thinking about how to fix journalism - that's an out-dated, doomed-to-fail approach in a culture and media landscape that is dominated (and, increasingly, fueled) by a 2-way medium, the Internet.
So, investments in local reporting are needed, but so is engagement with local citizens, to figure out how that reporting can be delivered in the most useful, compelling way possible. And the engagement can't just be a series of focus groups - it needs to be baked in to how news products are conceptualized and executed. What are the best practices for this kind of engagement? Who has proven that taking this approach actually "works," that is, actually generates sufficient revenue to sustain (or even grow) news operations? Jan's right, those are the examples we need to be studying.
I do think the successful news products of the future will be more niche-oriented, in terms of topic(s) covered and style of reporting. Now that narrow-casting has arrived, trying to market a news product "with something for everyone" is an increasingly doomed proposition. So how do citizens make sense of the world if all that's available is a sea of niche choices? That's where the buzzword du jour, "curation," comes in -- where you once had an editor, now you have a curator, and a designer: people who can offer user-friendly ways to create context and meaning from information pulled from a range of sources.
#9 Posted by Amanda, CJR on Thu 22 Oct 2009 at 03:06 PM
Your post "speaks to my condition" as the Quakers would say. I have not read the report--yet--but even reading the press release about the report had me shaking my head thinking, "this is all about the media and their attempts at self-preservation, and not about the audience at all."
There was a lot of ink in the release about the positives that properly conducted journalism brings to a society, and while I agree with their suppositions, the document (the press release) revealed that blindness to what the consumer finds compelling that seems endemic among journalists. Yes, our society *should* want a free and independent press and credible content--but if they don't choose us, blaming our audience is not a viable way forward.
#10 Posted by Liz @ Write Livelihood, CJR on Thu 22 Oct 2009 at 05:05 PM
Your post "speaks to my condition" as the Quakers would say. I have not read the report--yet--but even reading the press release about the report had me shaking my head thinking, "this is all about the media and their attempts at self-preservation, and not about the audience at all."
There was a lot of ink in the release about the positives that properly conducted journalism brings to a society, and while I agree with their suppositions, the document (the press release) revealed that blindness to what the consumer finds compelling that seems endemic among journalists. Yes, our society *should* want a free and independent press and credible content--but if they don't choose us, blaming our audience is not a viable way forward.
#11 Posted by Liz @ Write Livelihood, CJR on Thu 22 Oct 2009 at 05:09 PM
Recently I stopped subscribing to a newspaper for the first time in 44 years. Three calls were made to me from their subscription department and not one question was aked by them as to why I did so. Not one. Their only comments centered around what they had to offer. What they are offering is not worth the price of the subscription.
#12 Posted by Joe Nassar, CJR on Sun 1 Nov 2009 at 03:54 PM
Great article, Jan! Journalists can't blame the paradigm. And what journalist would really think govenment funding would be good? I spent 20 years in broadcast journalism. Digital media made it more than a 1-way conversation. And many journalists didn't react well to more than just 'telling a good story.' The transformation needs to include interactivity and engagement - now that's real democracy at work and maybe a start for new journalism!
#13 Posted by Lu Ann Reeb, CJR on Mon 16 Nov 2009 at 04:42 PM